diff --git a/journal/src/journal.rs b/journal/src/journal.rs
index 87fba26..4ceba26 100644
--- a/journal/src/journal.rs
+++ b/journal/src/journal.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 use rand::Rng;
 
-use crate::types::{
-	CustomUnit, Experience, ExportFormat, Ingestion,
-	Unit,
-};
+use crate::types::{CustomUnit, Experience, ExportFormat, Ingestion, Unit};
 
 pub type JournalType = Box<dyn Journal>;
 
@@ -52,7 +49,7 @@ impl Journal for InMemJournal {
 	fn first_experience_by_title(&self, title: &str) -> Option<&Experience> {
 		self.experiences
 			.values()
-			.find(|&experience| &experience.title == title)
+			.find(|&experience| experience.title == title)
 	}
 
 	fn import_psychonaut(&mut self, data: psychonaut_journal_types::ExportData) {
diff --git a/journal/src/types/dose_with_unit.rs b/journal/src/types/dose_with_unit.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fd375d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/journal/src/types/dose_with_unit.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+use std::fmt::Display;
+
+use super::{Dose, Estimation, Unit};
+
+pub fn format_dose(dose: &Dose, unit: &Unit) -> String {
+	format!("{}", DoseWithUnitRefs { dose, unit })
+}
+
+#[derive(Default, PartialEq, Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct DoseWithUnit {
+	pub dose: Dose,
+	pub unit: Unit,
+}
+pub(crate) struct DoseWithUnitRefs<'a> {
+	pub dose: &'a Dose,
+	pub unit: &'a Unit,
+}
+
+impl Display for DoseWithUnit {
+	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+		write!(
+			f,
+			"{}",
+			DoseWithUnitRefs {
+				dose: &self.dose,
+				unit: &self.unit
+			}
+		)
+	}
+}
+
+impl Display for DoseWithUnitRefs<'_> {
+	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+		let dose = self.dose;
+		let unit = self.unit;
+
+		match unit {
+			Unit::Simple(unit) => {
+				let is_unknown = dose.contains_unknown && dose.value == 0.0;
+				let is_estimate = dose.estimation.is_estimate() && !is_unknown;
+
+				if is_estimate {
+					f.write_str("~")?;
+				}
+
+				if is_unknown {
+					f.write_str("Unknown")?
+				} else {
+					let dose_rounded = (dose.value * 100.0).round() / 100.0;
+					write!(f, "{}", dose_rounded)?;
+
+					if dose.contains_unknown {
+						f.write_str("+Unknown")?;
+					}
+				}
+
+				if let Estimation::StandardDeviation(deviation) = dose.estimation {
+					write!(f, "±{}", (deviation.deviation * 100.0).round() / 100.0)?;
+				}
+
+				f.write_str((" ".to_string() + unit).as_str())
+			}
+			Unit::Custom { id: _id, unit } => {
+				let unit = unit.clone().unwrap();
+				let unit_unit = Unit::Simple(unit.unit.clone());
+
+				let ingestion_dose = dose * &unit.dose;
+				let ingestion_unit = Unit::Simple(unit.original_unit.clone());
+
+				// ingestion dose
+				write!(
+					f,
+					"{}",
+					DoseWithUnitRefs {
+						dose: &ingestion_dose,
+						unit: &ingestion_unit
+					}
+				)?;
+
+				f.write_str(" (")?;
+
+				// dose per unit
+				write!(
+					f,
+					"{}",
+					DoseWithUnitRefs {
+						dose: &unit.dose,
+						unit: &ingestion_unit
+					}
+				)?;
+
+				f.write_str(" * ")?;
+
+				// custom unit dose
+				write!(
+					f,
+					"{}",
+					DoseWithUnitRefs {
+						dose,
+						unit: &unit_unit
+					}
+				)?;
+
+				f.write_str(")")
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+	use crate::types::{AdministrationRoute, CustomUnit, StandardDeviation};
+
+	use super::*;
+
+	#[test]
+	fn format_dose() {
+		let result = super::format_dose(
+			&Dose {
+				value: 0.0,
+				contains_unknown: false,
+				estimation: Estimation::Precise,
+			},
+			&Unit::Simple("mg".to_string()),
+		);
+		assert_eq!(result, "0 mg");
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn format_dose_non_refs() {
+		let result = format!(
+			"{}",
+			DoseWithUnit {
+				dose: Dose {
+					value: 0.0,
+					contains_unknown: false,
+					estimation: Estimation::Precise,
+				},
+				unit: Unit::Simple("mg".to_string())
+			}
+		);
+		assert_eq!(result, "0 mg");
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn format_dose_estimate() {
+		let result = super::format_dose(
+			&Dose {
+				value: 0.0,
+				contains_unknown: false,
+				estimation: Estimation::Estimate,
+			},
+			&Unit::Simple("mg".to_string()),
+		);
+		assert_eq!(result, "~0 mg");
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn format_dose_contains_unknown() {
+		let result = super::format_dose(
+			&Dose {
+				value: 10.0,
+				contains_unknown: true,
+				estimation: Estimation::Estimate,
+			},
+			&Unit::Simple("mg".to_string()),
+		);
+		assert_eq!(result, "~10+Unknown mg");
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn format_dose_standard_derivation() {
+		let result = super::format_dose(
+			&Dose {
+				value: 0.0,
+				contains_unknown: false,
+				estimation: Estimation::StandardDeviation(StandardDeviation {
+					expectation: 0.0,
+					deviation: 10.0,
+				}),
+			},
+			&Unit::Simple("mg".to_string()),
+		);
+		assert_eq!(result, "~0±10 mg");
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn format_unknown_dose() {
+		let result = super::format_dose(
+			&Dose {
+				value: 0.0,
+				contains_unknown: true,
+				estimation: Estimation::Estimate,
+			},
+			&Unit::Simple("mg".to_string()),
+		);
+		assert_eq!(result, "Unknown mg");
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn format_unknown_dose_with_custom_unit() {
+		let result = super::format_dose(
+			&Dose {
+				value: 0.0,
+				contains_unknown: true,
+				estimation: Estimation::Estimate,
+			},
+			&Unit::Custom {
+				id: 0,
+				unit: Some(CustomUnit {
+					name: "Beverage".to_string(),
+					substance_name: "Caffeine".to_string(),
+					unit: "sip".to_string(),
+					original_unit: "mg".to_string(),
+					dose: Dose {
+						value: 10.0,
+						contains_unknown: false,
+						estimation: Estimation::Estimate,
+					},
+					administration_route: AdministrationRoute::Oral,
+					..CustomUnit::default()
+				}),
+			},
+		);
+		assert_eq!(result, "Unknown mg (~10 mg * Unknown sip)");
+	}
+}
diff --git a/journal/src/types/estimate.rs b/journal/src/types/estimate.rs
index 42f7947..567d448 100644
--- a/journal/src/types/estimate.rs
+++ b/journal/src/types/estimate.rs
@@ -1,15 +1,13 @@
 use std::ops::{Add, Mul};
 
-#[derive(PartialEq, Debug, Copy, Clone)]
-#[derive(Default)]
+#[derive(PartialEq, Debug, Copy, Clone, Default)]
 pub enum Estimation {
 	#[default]
- Precise,
+	Precise,
 	Estimate,
 	StandardDeviation(StandardDeviation),
 }
 
-
 #[derive(PartialEq, Default, Debug, Copy, Clone)]
 pub struct StandardDeviation {
 	pub expectation: f64,
diff --git a/journal/src/types/experience.rs b/journal/src/types/experience.rs
index 82b277c..2aae759 100644
--- a/journal/src/types/experience.rs
+++ b/journal/src/types/experience.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use chrono::{DateTime, Utc};
 
 use super::from_unix_millis;
 
-#[derive(PartialEq, Debug, Clone)]
+#[derive(PartialEq, Default, Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Experience {
 	pub id: i64,
 	pub title: String,
diff --git a/journal/src/types/ingestion.rs b/journal/src/types/ingestion.rs
index 31afa4c..ad6b8c5 100644
--- a/journal/src/types/ingestion.rs
+++ b/journal/src/types/ingestion.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use super::{
 	Unit,
 };
 
-#[derive(PartialEq, Debug, Clone)]
+#[derive(PartialEq, Default, Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Ingestion {
 	pub substance_name: String,
 	pub ingestion_time: DateTime<Utc>,
diff --git a/journal/src/types/mod.rs b/journal/src/types/mod.rs
index 2dd8a50..1fc116d 100644
--- a/journal/src/types/mod.rs
+++ b/journal/src/types/mod.rs
@@ -5,6 +5,12 @@ pub use estimate::{Estimation, StandardDeviation};
 mod dose;
 pub use dose::Dose;
 
+mod unit;
+pub use unit::Unit;
+
+mod dose_with_unit;
+pub use dose_with_unit::{format_dose, DoseWithUnit};
+
 mod consumer;
 pub use consumer::Consumer;
 
@@ -23,9 +29,6 @@ pub use custom_unit::CustomUnit;
 mod export;
 pub use export::ExportFormat;
 
-mod unit;
-pub use unit::Unit;
-
 pub type AdministrationRoute = psychonaut_journal_types::AdministrationRoute;
 
 pub(crate) fn from_unix_millis(time: u64) -> DateTime<Utc> {
diff --git a/journal/src/types/unit.rs b/journal/src/types/unit.rs
index 0b30f77..4573969 100644
--- a/journal/src/types/unit.rs
+++ b/journal/src/types/unit.rs
@@ -5,3 +5,9 @@ pub enum Unit {
 	Simple(String),
 	Custom { id: i64, unit: Option<CustomUnit> },
 }
+
+impl Default for Unit {
+	fn default() -> Self {
+		Unit::Simple("mg".to_string())
+	}
+}
diff --git a/journal_cli/src/display.rs b/journal_cli/src/display.rs
index f1c4451..13bd95e 100644
--- a/journal_cli/src/display.rs
+++ b/journal_cli/src/display.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 use journal::{
 	journal::JournalType,
-	types::{Consumer, Experience},
+	types::{format_dose, Consumer, Experience},
 };
 
-use crate::formatting::{format_ingestion_dose, format_ingestion_roa, format_ingestion_time};
+use crate::formatting::{format_ingestion_roa, format_ingestion_time};
 
 pub fn print_ingestion_log(
 	journal: &JournalType,
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ pub fn print_ingestion_log(
 		println!(
 			"{}|{}|{}|{}|{}",
 			ingestion.substance_name,
-			format_ingestion_dose(&ingestion.dose, &unit),
+			format_dose(&ingestion.dose, &unit),
 			format_ingestion_roa(ingestion, &unit),
 			ingestion.consumer,
 			format_ingestion_time(ingestion)
diff --git a/journal_cli/src/formatting.rs b/journal_cli/src/formatting.rs
index ef7ffd7..c61573b 100644
--- a/journal_cli/src/formatting.rs
+++ b/journal_cli/src/formatting.rs
@@ -1,60 +1,9 @@
-use journal::types::{Dose, Estimation, Experience, Ingestion, Unit};
+use journal::types::{Experience, Ingestion, Unit};
 
 pub fn format_experience_title(experience: &Experience) -> String {
 	format!("{}: {}", experience.title, experience.creation_time)
 }
 
-pub fn format_ingestion_dose(dose: &Dose, unit: &Unit) -> String {
-	if dose.value != 0.0 && !dose.contains_unknown {
-		match unit {
-			Unit::Simple(unit) => {
-				let is_estimate = dose.estimation.is_estimate();
-
-				let estimate = if is_estimate { "~" } else { "" };
-				let standard_deviation = {
-					if let Estimation::StandardDeviation(deviation) = dose.estimation {
-						format!("±{}", (deviation.deviation * 100.0).round() / 100.0)
-					} else {
-						"".to_string()
-					}
-				};
-				let unknown = if dose.contains_unknown {
-					"+Unknown"
-				} else {
-					""
-				};
-				let dose = (dose.value * 100.0).round() / 100.0;
-
-				format!("{estimate}{dose}{standard_deviation}{unknown} {unit}")
-			}
-			Unit::Custom { id: _id, unit } => {
-				let unit = unit.clone().unwrap();
-				let unit_unit = Unit::Simple(unit.unit.clone());
-
-				let ingestion_dose = dose * &unit.dose;
-
-				let ingestion_unit = Unit::Simple(unit.original_unit.clone());
-
-				let ingestion_dose = format_ingestion_dose(&ingestion_dose, &ingestion_unit);
-
-				let dose_per_unit = format_ingestion_dose(&unit.dose, &ingestion_unit);
-
-				let custom_unit_dose = format_ingestion_dose(dose, &unit_unit);
-
-				format!("{ingestion_dose} ({dose_per_unit} * {custom_unit_dose})")
-			}
-		}
-	} else {
-		format!(
-			"Unknown {}",
-			match unit {
-				Unit::Simple(unit) => unit,
-				Unit::Custom { id: _id, unit } => &unit.as_ref().unwrap().original_unit,
-			}
-		)
-	}
-}
-
 pub fn format_ingestion_time(ingestion: &Ingestion) -> String {
 	ingestion.ingestion_time.format("%a %I:%M %p").to_string()
 }
@@ -69,39 +18,57 @@ pub fn format_ingestion_roa(ingestion: &Ingestion, unit: &Unit) -> String {
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
-	use journal::types::CustomUnit;
+	use chrono::{TimeZone, Utc};
+	use journal::types::{AdministrationRoute, CustomUnit};
 
 	use super::*;
 
 	#[test]
-	fn format_unknown_dose() {
-		let result = format_ingestion_dose(
-			&Dose {
-				value: 0.0,
-				contains_unknown: true,
-				estimation: Estimation::Estimate,
-			},
-			&Unit::Simple("mg".to_string()),
-		);
-		assert_eq!(result, "Unknown mg");
+	fn format_experience_title() {
+		let result = super::format_experience_title(&Experience {
+			title: "Title".to_string(),
+			creation_time: Utc.timestamp_millis_opt(0).unwrap(),
+			..Experience::default()
+		});
+		assert_eq!(result, "Title: 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC");
 	}
 
 	#[test]
-	fn format_unknown_dose_custom_unit() {
-		let result = format_ingestion_dose(
-			&Dose {
-				value: 0.0,
-				contains_unknown: true,
-				estimation: Estimation::Estimate,
+	fn format_ingestion_time() {
+		let result = super::format_ingestion_time(&Ingestion {
+			creation_time: Utc.timestamp_millis_opt(0).unwrap(),
+			..Ingestion::default()
+		});
+		assert_eq!(result, "Thu 12:00 AM");
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn format_ingestion_roa() {
+		let result = super::format_ingestion_roa(
+			&Ingestion {
+				roa: AdministrationRoute::Oral,
+				..Ingestion::default()
+			},
+			&Unit::default(),
+		);
+		assert_eq!(result, "Oral");
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn format_ingestion_roa_with_custom_unit() {
+		let result = super::format_ingestion_roa(
+			&Ingestion {
+				roa: AdministrationRoute::Oral,
+				..Ingestion::default()
 			},
 			&Unit::Custom {
 				id: 0,
 				unit: Some(CustomUnit {
-					original_unit: "mg".to_string(),
+					name: "32mg/ml".to_string(),
 					..CustomUnit::default()
 				}),
 			},
 		);
-		assert_eq!(result, "Unknown mg");
+		assert_eq!(result, "Oral (32mg/ml)");
 	}
 }
diff --git a/psychonaut_journal_types/src/lib.rs b/psychonaut_journal_types/src/lib.rs
index 8554be4..26d976c 100644
--- a/psychonaut_journal_types/src/lib.rs
+++ b/psychonaut_journal_types/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use std::fmt::{Debug, Display};
 
-mod tests;
-
 #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, Debug, Clone)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "UPPERCASE")]
 pub enum AdministrationRoute {
@@ -119,3 +117,28 @@ pub struct ExportData {
 	pub custom_substances: Vec<CustomSubstance>,
 	pub custom_units: Vec<CustomUnit>,
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+	use super::{AdministrationRoute::*, *};
+
+	#[test]
+	fn default_administration_dose() {
+		assert_eq!(AdministrationRoute::default(), AdministrationRoute::Oral);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn administration_dose_to_string() {
+		assert_eq!(Oral.to_string(), "Oral");
+		assert_eq!(Sublingual.to_string(), "Sublingual");
+		assert_eq!(Buccal.to_string(), "Buccal");
+		assert_eq!(Insufflated.to_string(), "Insufflated");
+		assert_eq!(Rectal.to_string(), "Rectal");
+		assert_eq!(Transdermal.to_string(), "Transdermal");
+		assert_eq!(Subcutaneous.to_string(), "Subcutaneous");
+		assert_eq!(Intramuscular.to_string(), "Intramuscular");
+		assert_eq!(Intravenous.to_string(), "Intravenous");
+		assert_eq!(Smoked.to_string(), "Smoked");
+		assert_eq!(Inhaled.to_string(), "Inhaled");
+	}
+}
diff --git a/psychonaut_journal_types/src/tests.rs b/psychonaut_journal_types/src/tests.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 7f6e481..0000000
--- a/psychonaut_journal_types/src/tests.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-	use crate::AdministrationRoute::{self, *};
-
-	#[test]
-	fn default_administration_dose() {
-		assert_eq!(AdministrationRoute::default(), AdministrationRoute::Oral);
-	}
-
-	#[test]
-	fn administration_dose_to_string() {
-		assert_eq!(Oral.to_string(), "Oral");
-		assert_eq!(Sublingual.to_string(), "Sublingual");
-		assert_eq!(Buccal.to_string(), "Buccal");
-		assert_eq!(Insufflated.to_string(), "Insufflated");
-		assert_eq!(Rectal.to_string(), "Rectal");
-		assert_eq!(Transdermal.to_string(), "Transdermal");
-		assert_eq!(Subcutaneous.to_string(), "Subcutaneous");
-		assert_eq!(Intramuscular.to_string(), "Intramuscular");
-		assert_eq!(Intravenous.to_string(), "Intravenous");
-		assert_eq!(Smoked.to_string(), "Smoked");
-		assert_eq!(Inhaled.to_string(), "Inhaled");
-	}
-}